ARTICLES

Rebellion in the Eleventh Circuit: On Lawrence, Lofton and the Best Interests of Children, Tulsa Law Review (forthcoming 2005) (symposium issue)

Marriage, Parental Rights, and Public Policy: On the FMA, Its Purported Justification, and Its Likely Effects on Families, University of St. Thomas Law Journal (forthcoming 2005) (symposium issue)

“Defending” Marriage in Light of the Moreno-Cleburne-Romer-Lawrence Jurisprudence: Why DOMA Cannot Pass Muster after Lawrence, Creighton Law Review (forthcoming 2005) (symposium issue)

The Lawrence Reader: Standhardt and Lewis on Women in Love, Saint Louis University Public Law Review (forthcoming 2005) (invited article)

Interpretations of Loving in Lawrence, Baker, and Goodridge: On Equal Protection and the Tiers of Scrutiny, 13 Widener Law Journal 859-77 (2004) (symposium issue)

Lawrence and Same-Sex Marriage Bans: On Constitutional Interpretation and Sophistical Rhetoric, 69 Brooklyn Law Review 1003-36 (2004)

Adoption and the Best Interests of the Child: On the Use and Abuse of Studies, 38 New England Law Review 629-42 (2004) (symposium issue)

Lawrence, Same-Sex Marriage and the Constitution: On What Is Protected and Why, 38 New England Law Review 667-81 (2004) (symposium issue)

Was Brown’s Declaration of Per Se Invalidity Really Out of the Blue: The Evolving “Separate But Equal” Education Jurisprudence from Cumming to Brown, 47 Howard Law Journal 769-94 (2004) (symposium issue)

The Interstate Recognition of Same-Sex Marriages and Civil Unions, in 2004 Family Law Update (Ron Brown & Laura W. Morgan eds., 2004), 115-51

Domestic Relations, Missouri v. Holland, and the New Federalism, 12 William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal 179-220 (2003)

Adoption, Best Interests, and the Constitution: On Rational Basis Scrutiny and the Avoidance of Absurd Results, 5 Journal of Law and Family Studies 297-318 (2003)

Yes, Virginia, There Can Be Wrongful Life: On Consistency, Public Policy, and the Birth-Related Torts, 4 Georgetown Journal of Gender and the Law 821-61 (2003)

Marriage, Transsexuals, and the Meaning of Sex: On DOMA, Full Faith and Credit, and Statutory Interpretation,3 Houston Journal of Health Law & Policy 301-30 (2003) (symposium issue)

Harvesting the Fruits of Gardiner: On Marriage, Public Policy, and Fundamental Interests, 71 George Washington Law Review 179-230 (2003)

Some Reflections on the President's Pardon Power, 31 Capital University Law Review 143-59 (2003) (symposium issue)

The Limits of the Clemency Power: On Pardons, Retributivists, and the United States Constitution, 41 Brandeis Law Journal 85-154 (2002)

Some Observations about DOMA, Marriages, Civil Unions, and Domestic Partnerships, 30 Capital University Law Review 363-86 (2002) (symposium issue)

Same-Sex Marriages and Civil Unions: On Meaning, Free Exercise, and Constitutional Guarantees, 33 Loyola Chicago Law Journal 597-630 (2002)

Hans, Ayers, and Eleventh Amendment Jurisprudence: On Justification, Rationalization, and Sovereign Immunity, 10 George Mason Law Review 251-91 (2001)

When Is a Parent Not a Parent? On DOMA, Civil Unions, and Presumptions of Parenthood, 23 Cardozo Law Review 299-324 (2001)

Toleration, Approval, and the Right to Marry: On Constitutional Limitations and Preferential Treatment, 35 Loyola Los Angeles Law Review 65-99 (2001)

A Small Step Forward: The ALI's Domestic Partners Recommendation, 2001 Brigham Young University Law Review 1135-1173 (symposium issue)

Same-Sex Marriage, Referenda, and the Constitution: On Hunter, Romer, and Electoral Process Guarantees, 64 Albany Law Review 949-81 (2001) (symposium issue)

Taking Exception to Traditional Exceptions Clause Jurisprudence: On Congress's Power to Limit the Court's Jurisdiction, 2001 Utah Law Review 125-87

Chisholm, the Eleventh Amendment, and Sovereign Immunity: On Alden's Return to Confederation Principles, 28 Florida State University Law Review 605-48 (2001)

Mission Impossible: On Baker, Equal Benefits, and the Imposition of Stigma, 9 William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal 1-27 (2000)

The Future of Same-Sex Marriage, 22 University of Hawaii Law Review 119-47 (2000) (symposium issue)

Equal Protection at the Crossroads: On Baker, Common Benefits, and Facial Neutrality, 42 Arizona Law Review 935-63 (2000)

Baehr Mysteries, Retroactivity, and the Concept of Law, 41 Santa Clara Law Review 161-201 (2000)

Plessy, Brown, and the HCBUs: On the Imposition of Stigma and the Court's Mechanical Equal Protection Jurisprudence, 40 Washburn Law Journal 48-69 (2000) (symposium issue)

Sex, Law, and the Sacred Precincts of the Marital Bedroom: On State and Federal Right to Privacy Jurisprudence, 14 Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy 753-789 (2000) (symposium issue) 

Loving in the New Millennium: On Equal Protection and the Right to Marry, 7 University of Chicago Law School Roundtable 61-90 (2000)

The Privileges of National Citizenship: On Saenz, Same-Sex Couples, and the Right to Travel, 52 Rutgers Law Review 553-588 (2000)

Loving, Baehr, and the Right to Marry: On Legal Argumentation and Sophistical Rhetoric, 24 Nova Law Review 769-791 (2000) (festschrift)

From Colorado to Alaska by Way of Cincinnati: On Romer, Equality Foundation, and the Constitutionality of Referenda, 36 Houston Law Review 1193-1250 (1999)

A Jurisprudence in Disarray: On Battery, Wrongful Living, and the Right to Bodily Integrity, 36 San Diego Law Review 997-1041 (1999)

Marital Acts, Morality, and the Right to Privacy, 30 New Mexico Law Review 43-68 (1999)

Misconceptions and Wrongful Births: A Call for a Principled Jurisprudence, 31 Arizona State Law Journal 161-202 (1999)

Courts, Legislatures, and Second Parent Adoptions: On Judicial Deference, Specious Reasoning, and the Best Interests of the Child, 66 Tennessee Law Review 977-1018 (1999)

Unity, Sovereignty, and the Interstate Recognition of Marriage, 102 West Virginia Law Review  393-409 (1999) (symposium issue)

Wrongful Life, Wrongful Birth, Wrongful Death, and the Right to Refuse Treatment: Can Reasonable Jurisdictions Recognize All But One? 64 Missouri Law Review 29-76 (1999)

Constitutional Limitations and Baehr Possibilities: On Retroactive Legislation, Reasonable Expectations, and Manifest Injustice, 29 Rutgers Law Journal 271-314 (1998)

Ex Post Facto Laws, Bills of Attainder, and the Definition of Punishment: On DOMA, the Hawaii Amendment, and Federal Constitutional Constraints, 48 Syracuse Law Review 227-259 (1998)

Baker and Some Recipes for Disaster: On DOMA, Covenant Marriages, and Full Faith and Credit Jurisprudence, 64 Brooklyn Law Review 307-351 (1998)

DOMA and the Two Faces of Federalism, 32 Creighton Law Review 457-475 (1998) (symposium issue)

For Whom Bell Tolls: On Subsequent Domiciles' Refusing to Recognize Same-Sex Marriages, 66 University of Cincinnati Law Review 339-383 (1998)

Sodomy, Adultery, and Same-Sex Marriage: On Legal Analysis and Fundamental Interests, 8 University of California at Los Angeles Women's Law Journal 313-339 (1998) (symposium issue)

Natural Law and Same-Sex Marriage, 48 DePaul Law Review 51-81 (1998)

The Futility of Futility? On Life, Death, and Reasoned Public Policy, 57 Maryland Law Review 505-557 (1998)

Statutory Construction, Equal Protection, and the Amendment Process: On Romer, Hunter, and Efforts to Tame Baehr, 45 Buffalo Law Review 739-777 (1997)

Loving the Romer Out for Baehr: On Acts in Defense of Marriage and the Constitution, 58 University of Pittsburgh Law Review 279-323 (1997)

Judicial Good Faith and the Baehr Essentials: On Giving Credit Where It's Due, 28 Rutgers Law Journal 313-366 (1997)

Fit To Be Tied: On Custody, Discretion, and Sexual Orientation, 46 American University Law Review 841-895 (1997)

Legislative Presumptions and Judicial Assumptions: On Parenting, Adoption, and the Best Interests of the Child, 45 University of Kansas Law Review 49-111 (1996)

Domestic Relations Jurisprudence and the Great, Slumbering Baehr: On Definitional Preclusion, Equal Protection, and Fundamental Interests, 64 Fordham Law Review 921-986 (1995)

Unconstitutional? Don't Ask; If It Is, Don't Tell: On Deference, Rationality, and the Constitution, 66 University of Colorado Law Review 375-460 (1995)

Assisted Suicide and the Competent, Terminally Ill: On Ordinary Treatments and Extraordinary Policies, 74 Oregon Law Review 539-609 (1995)

Hutcheson and Mill on Evaluating Actions and Characters, 24 Philosophia 417-432 (1995)

Incompetents and the Right to Die: In Search of Consistent, Meaningful Standards, 83 Kentucky Law Journal 733-799 (1994-1995)

The Invidiousness of Invidiousness: On the Supreme Court's Affirmative Action Jurisprudence, 21 Hastings Constitutional Law Quarterly 323-403 (1994)

Parental Rights Terminations: On Surrogate Reasons and Surrogacy Policies, 60 Tennessee Law Review 135-228 (1992)

Suspect Classes and Suspect Classifications: On Discriminating, Unwittingly or Otherwise, 64 Temple Law Review 937-975 (1991)

Family, Definitions, and the Constitution: On the Antimiscegenation Analogy, 25 Suffolk University Law Review 981-1034 (1991)

Hutcheson on Aesthetic Perception, 21 Philosophia 107-118 (1991)

The Virtues of Utilitarianism, 20 Philosophia 209-226 (1990)

Degradation, Pornography, and Immorality, in Terrorism, Justice, and Social Values 339-353 (C. Peden and Y. Hudson eds. 1990) 

Actual Versus Probable Consequence Utilitarianism, 27 Southern Journal of Philosophy 585-597 (1989)

The New Paternalism, 2 Bioethics 103-117 (1988)

Ethical Considerations (co-written with G. Giles), in Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa 204-212 (D. Scott ed. 1988)

Mill on Voluntary Self-Enslavement, 17 Philosophical Papers 171-183 (1988)

Frankfurt, Aristotle, and PAP, 26 Southern Journal of Philosophy 235-246 (1988)

Schell on the Internal Inconsistency of Deterrence Theory, 19 Journal of Social Philosophy 30-36 (1988)

Guilt, Regret, and Prima Facie Duties, 25 Southern Journal of Philosophy 133-146 (1987)

Accordion Effects Without Accordion Players -- A Critique of Davidson, 17 Philosophia 191-194 (1987)

Conscience and the Right to Do Wrong, 17 Philosophia 411-420 (1987)

Ross on the Sense of Duty, 16 Philosophical Papers 195-207 (1987)

Hutcheson on the Higher and Lower Pleasures, 25 Journal of the History of Philosophy 517-531 (1987)

Physicians, Battery, and the Duty to Give Informed Consent, 8 Journal of Medical Humanities & Bioethics 40-48 (1987)

Noonan on Contraception and Abortion, 1 Bioethics 199-205 (1987)

Mill on the Right to Remain Uninformed, 11 Journal of Medicine & Philosophy 265-278 (1986)

Hutcheson on External Rights, 49 Philosophical Studies 263-269 (1986)

Leibniz, Plantinga, and the Test for Existence in Possible Worlds, 18 International Journal of Philosophy and Religion 153-159 (1985)

Dependence, Reliance, and Abortion, 35 Philosophical Quarterly 73-82 (1985)

Mill's Higher and Lower Pleasures Re-examined, 17 International Studies in Philosophy 51-72 (1985)

Mill and the Utility of Liberty, 34 Philosophical Quarterly 63-68 (1984)